Diamond Clarity
Understanding inclusions, blemishes, and how clarity affects diamond beauty and value
Diamond clarity refers to the absence of inclusions (internal characteristics) and blemishes (external characteristics). Since diamonds form under tremendous heat and pressure, it's extremely rare to find a diamond completely free of these natural birthmarks.
Understanding Diamond Characteristics
Inclusions
Internal characteristics formed during the diamond's crystallization process. Common types include:
- • Crystals - mineral deposits trapped inside
- • Feathers - internal fractures or cracks
- • Clouds - groups of tiny crystals
- • Pinpoints - tiny crystals too small to distinguish
Blemishes
External characteristics that occur on the diamond's surface. Common types include:
- • Polish lines - surface marks from polishing
- • Scratches - marks on the surface
- • Nicks - small chips on the surface
- • Pits - tiny holes on the surface
The GIA Clarity Scale
The Gemological Institute of America (GIA) clarity scale is the industry standard for evaluating diamond clarity. The scale ranges from Flawless to Included, with 11 specific grades.
Flawless Category
FL (Flawless)
No inclusions or blemishes visible under 10x magnification. Extremely rare.
IF (Internally Flawless)
No inclusions visible under 10x magnification, only minor surface blemishes.
Very Very Slightly Included
VVS1 (Very Very Slightly Included 1)
Inclusions extremely difficult to see under 10x magnification, even for trained professionals.
VVS2 (Very Very Slightly Included 2)
Inclusions very difficult to see under 10x magnification.
Very Slightly Included
VS1 (Very Slightly Included 1)
Minor inclusions difficult to see under 10x magnification. Excellent choice for most buyers.
VS2 (Very Slightly Included 2)
Minor inclusions somewhat easy to see under 10x magnification. Great value option.
Slightly Included
SI1 (Slightly Included 1)
Inclusions noticeable under 10x magnification. Often eye-clean and budget-friendly.
SI2 (Slightly Included 2)
Inclusions easily visible under 10x magnification, may be visible to naked eye.
Included
I1, I2, I3 (Included)
Inclusions visible to the naked eye and may affect transparency and brilliance.
How Clarity Affects Diamond Value
Price Impact
Clarity has a significant impact on diamond pricing. The difference between clarity grades can represent thousands of dollars, especially in larger stones.
- • FL/IF diamonds command premium prices
- • VVS grades offer excellent quality
- • VS grades provide best value for most buyers
- • SI grades can offer great value if eye-clean
Visual Impact
The visual impact of clarity depends on the size, location, and type of inclusions, as well as the diamond's size and cut.
- • Inclusions near the center are more visible
- • Dark inclusions are more noticeable
- • Brilliant cuts hide inclusions better
- • Larger diamonds show inclusions more easily
Clarity Enhancement Treatments
Some diamonds undergo treatments to improve their apparent clarity. These treatments must be disclosed and typically reduce the diamond's value.
Laser Drilling
A laser beam creates a tiny tunnel to reach dark inclusions, which are then bleached or removed. Creates permanent channels in the diamond.
Fracture Filling
Glass-like substances fill surface-reaching fractures to make them less visible. This treatment is not permanent and may require maintenance.
Expert Clarity Buying Tips
Sweet Spot for Value
VS1-VS2 clarity grades offer the best balance of beauty and value for most buyers. These diamonds appear clean to the naked eye while being more affordable than VVS grades.
Consider Diamond Size
In diamonds under 1 carat, SI1 clarity can be an excellent value if the diamond is eye-clean. In larger diamonds, aim for VS2 or better.
Setting Matters
Prong settings expose more of the diamond, making clarity more important. Bezel or halo settings can help hide minor inclusions.
Request Images
Always request high-resolution images or videos, especially for SI clarity grades, to ensure the diamond is eye-clean.
Find Your Perfect Clarity Grade
Browse our collection of certified diamonds and filter by clarity grade to find the perfect stone for your budget.